如何避免英语写作中常犯的错误
的有关信息介绍如下:如何避免英语写作中常犯的错误
1. Use of Indefinite / Definite Articles (the, a, an)
英语不定冠词和定冠词的用法(a,an,the)
什么时候该用定冠词,什么时候该用不定冠词,要掌握其实不难。理解下面的规则就可以区分开来:
•当某个事物在文中第一次被提到时,应该用不定冠词(a,an)。
•当某个事物对于作者和读者都不是特别熟悉时,就应该用不定冠词。
•当某个事物前面已经被提到过时,就应该用定冠词。
•相反,当某个事物已经被作者和读者熟知时,应该使用定冠词the。
•一般来说,当我们提及可数名词的复数形式,或者不可数名词的单数形式时,应该使用零冠词(也就是说,什么冠词都不用)。
根据上面的规则,我列举五组例子给大家:
Wrong: I live in the apartment, close to the supermarket.
Correct: I live in an apartment, close to a supermarket.
(注意:I (我)是知道公寓和超市的,而听者/读者不知道)
我住的公寓离超市很近。
Wrong: I'd like to go to the good restaurant.
Correct: I'd like to go to a good restaurant.
我想去一个好点的餐厅。
Wrong: I stayed in the hotel near the park. The hotel was very nice, and a park had some wonderful paths.
Correct: I stayed in a hotel near a park. The hotel was very nice, and the park had some wonderful paths.
我住在公园附近的一家旅馆里。这家旅馆很棒,公园里也有很多漂亮的小路。
Wrong: Remember a presentation we went to last week?
Correct: Remember the presentation we went to last week?
还记得我们上个星期做的陈述吗?
Wrong: The apples are generally very tasty in season.
Correct: Apples are generally very tasty in season.
时令的苹果一般都特别美味。
2. Capitalize 'I' and National Adjectives / Nouns / Names of Languages and the First Word of a New Sentence
I、表示国家的形容词、名词以及语种名称,句子首字母都应该大写。
英语中关于大写的规则会让人摸不着头脑。但是,大多数关于大写的错误都出现在表示国家的形容词、名词以及语种名称词语上。记住这些规则,以帮助你避免这种类型的关于大写的错误。
•I 要大写
•表示国家的词。与国家有关的名词和形容词——French、Russian、English、Italy、Canadian等。
•在一个新的句子或问题中,第一个单词的首字母应该大写。
•普通名词不用大写,名词只有在表示某事物的名称时才需大写。
•表示人、机构、节日等的专有名词需大写。
关于最后两点的运用,这里有一个例子:
I go to university. (common noun -> university)
我上了大学。(普通名词——university)
但是,
I go to the University of Texas. (noun used as proper name)
我上了德克萨斯大学。(专有名词)
3. Slang and Texting Language
俚语和文本语言
许多英语老师,尤其是年轻的英语老师喜欢用使用俚语或网络文本语言。这样做的用意是好的:学习者想表现他们对惯用语的理解和掌握。但是,使用这种类型的惯用语可能会导致许多错误。解决这种问题最简单的方法就是:不要在博客帖子、评论或其他网络书面沟通渠道上使用文本语言或俚语。如果你是在书写文本,那么就可以使用文本语言,否则就不要用。不管是什么类型,较长的文本交流不应该使用俚语。俚语一般用于口语中,而非书面语。
4. Use of Punctuation
标点符号的使用
英语学习者有时候会在标点符号的使用上遇到问题。我经常会接到一些邮件,或者在帖子里看到标点符号前后面没有任何空格的现象。其实规则很简单:将标点符号放在词语的尾字母后,然后再空一格。
5. Common Mistakes in English
英语中常见的错误
我承认,事实上错误不止一个。但是,英语中有许多都是常见的错误。你要确保,自己能够通过这些常见的英语错误获得更多详细的信息。这里列出了三个英语写作中最常见的错误:
•It's or Its - It's = it is / Its = possessive form. Remember when you see an apostrophe (') there is a missing verb!
所有格形式。 记住,当你看到撇号(‘)时,要知道这里是省略了一个动词!
•Then or Than - 'Than' is used in the comparative form (It's bigger than my house!) 'Then' is used as a time expression (First you do this. Then you do that.)
than用于比较级中(它比我的房子还大!)then 用作时间表达(你先做这个,然后再做那个。)
•Good or Well - 'Good' is the adjective form (That's a good story!) 'Well' is the adverb form (He plays tennis well.)
good是形容词(这真是个好故事!)well是副词(他的网球打得好。)
这里有六个例子,按照上文提到的错误类型,每个错误对应两个句子:
Wrong: He attributed his success to it's appeal to children.
Correct: He attributed his success to its appeal to children.
他将自己的成功归功于孩子们。
Wrong: I think its time to discuss this question in more detail.
Correct: I think it's time to discuss this question in more detail.
我认为,是时候更加详细地讨论这个问题了。
Wrong: The government decided it would cost more money to change policy then to leave current law stand.
Correct: The government decided it would cost more money to change policy than to leave current law stand.
政府认为,更改政策会耗费更多的资金,所以就保留了现行的法律。
Wrong: She can first finish her homework, than go to practice.
Correct: She can first finish her homework, then go to practice.
她可以先做完作业,然后再去练习。
Wrong: How good do you speak German?
Correct: How well do you speak German?
你的德语说得怎么样?
Wrong: I think he's well public speaker.
Correct: I think he's good public speaker.
我认为他是一位出色的演讲者。
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